Benefits

• Flexibility: Allows algorithms or behaviors to be selected or changed at runtime, promoting dynamic behavior adaptation.
• Encapsulation: Encapsulates each algorithm or behavior into its own class, keeping related code together and isolated from the client.
• Promotes Code Reuse: Strategies can be reused across different contexts without duplicating code, improving maintainability.
• Easy to Extend: New strategies can be added without altering the context that uses them, supporting scalability and evolution of the system.
• Enhances Testability: Each strategy can be tested independently, facilitating unit testing and ensuring more robust code.
• Clear Separation of Concerns: Separates the logic of choosing an algorithm from the implementation of the algorithm itself, leading to cleaner and more understandable code.
• Promotes Composition over Inheritance: Uses composition to select algorithms, avoiding the pitfalls of rigid class hierarchies and allowing for more flexible object interactions.

Structure

• Context: This is the class that has a reference to a strategy interface. It maintains a reference to one of the concrete strategies and communicates with it through the strategy interface.
• Strategy Interface: This is an interface or an abstract class that defines the method(s) a concrete strategy must implement. It establishes a common interface for all supported algorithms.
• Concrete Strategies: These are the different algorithms that implement the strategy interface. Each strategy encapsulates a specific behavior or algorithm.